绿色照明与设计的魅力

2013-06-29 郑鸿 筑客网
绿色环保已是现代设计的大趋势,一个成功的光环境设计能体现建筑的独特个性和特定品质。现代建筑为了渲染建筑的光影、架构、色彩,往往采用大量的灯光设计,从而形成了影响城市交通以及居住环境的各种炫光,因而我们应从灯光投射、灯具、材质三方面来考虑:合理的灯位、投射角度以及投射方向的选择极为重要。为此,我们应遵循如下几个原则:第一:从下往上投射,这样炫光主要影响空中;第二:从外向建筑内投光,避免影响相邻建筑。第三:投射水平角度不宜小于80度,避免影响建筑内部环境。第四:根据灯效确定灯位。第五:注意灯具的隐蔽性,以保证建筑美观。灯具的选择也是绿色照明不可或缺的一部分,可以使用紧凑型荧光灯、细管三基色荧光灯、高压钠灯等节能环保灯具材料来代替高能耗、强污染的灯具。同时,智能家居也开始慢慢发展,其应用能够更好做到绿色照明效果。同时不同材质的灯具也决定不同的灯效:糙面亚光材料会产生散射,光面材料光效比较弱。

  有人说好的照明设计是见光不见灯,而我认为,真正好的照明设计应是见物不见灯。电灯的发明延长了建筑魅力的展示时间,炫光的设计更是给建筑增添了别样的魅力,但是灯光照明不能喧宾夺主,并且灯光设计应与建筑文化相辅,如欧式古典建筑可以采用三段式或五段式来组织灯光以突出建筑丰富的檐部、复杂阳台等的光影关系,凸显欧式的华丽;中式古典建筑,可以在开间柱与明间部位布置灯光,突出柱身的韵律及檐下斗拱造型……其次,灯光的颜色也可以体现地方文化特色:黑白蓝等代表时尚的都市文化色彩,红橙黄代表热情温暖的小城文化色彩等,不同的色彩性格可以反映不同的文化。
  Greenand environmental protection is the trend of modern design. A successfullighting design plays a significant role to show the unique feature and qualityof the architecture. Lighting design is widely used to highlight the light andshadow, construction and color of the modern building, which results to a lotof glare that has the impact on urban traffic and the living environment,therefore, we should take light projection, fixture and material into account:the reasonable choice for the right fixture position, projection angle andprojection direction in the lighting design is very important. Several principles are supposed to be followed:first of all: light is reflected from bottom to upward to allow dazzle light inthe air; secondly: light is projected from the exterior to interior in order toavoid the influence of adjacent buildings. Thirdly: the horizontal projectionangle should not be less than 80 so as to avoid the influence on interiorspace. Fourth: The fixture position is set according to the lighting effect.Fifth: The lamps and lanterns are hidden in order to ensure the artisticarchitecture. The choice of fixture lamps is also an integral part of the greenlighting, compact fluorescent fixtures, thin tube trichromatic fluorescentlamps, high pressure sodium lamps and other materials with energy conservationand environmental protection deserve to be considered to replace the fixtureswith high energy consumption and heavy pollution. At the same time, theintelligent home starts to develop and its application is better for greenlighting. Meanwhile, different materials also play the decisive role todifferent lighting effects: semigloss material with matt surface producesscattering while glaze material has bad lighting effect.
  It issaid that good lighting design is that light is visible while the fixture ishidden, however, in my point of view, the good lighting design is the objectsare visible with hidden fixture. The emerge of the electric lamp extends theduration to show the charming of thearchitect, and the design of dazzle enhance the glamour of the architect,but the performance of the lightingdesign is not supposed to superior to the building itself, on the contrary, thelighting design is cooperated with the culture of the architect. Forinstance,three or five stages lighting design concept is used to highlight therelationship between he light and the shadow of the rich eaves complex balconyand the European Galant in European-style building; while for the Chineseclassical architecture, the lighting is arranged around the bay and the centralbay to highlight column’s rhythm and brackets shape below he eave... …Meanwhile, the color of the lightalso reflects local culture: Black, white and blue stand for the fashion ofurban culture, red, orange and yelloware the representatives of warm town culture and so on, in a word, different colors reflect specific culture.


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